From medical tools to powerful forestry equipment—the chainsaw has had a unique (and sometimes bloody) evolution. In the late 18 th century, hand-cranked chainsaws were everywhere from birthing wards to battlefields. By the early 20 th century, engineers and researchers were exploring power-driven chainsaws, leading to the development of the first electric and petrol-powered models patented by Stihl. Today, chainsaws are lighter, more efficient, and more versatile than ever before.
If you’ve ever wondered how the chainsaw as we know it came to be, this article is for you.
History of Chainsaws: From Mid Century to Modern Times
The origins of the modern chainsaw are somewhat disputed. The first known chainsaw-like device was created in 1830 by German orthopedist Bernhard Heine. He named it the osteotome, from the Greek words osteo (bone) and tome (cut), meaning "bone cutter." This early chainsaw, along with others that followed, was primarily used for medical procedures. While similar in design to modern chainsaws, it was much smaller and operated manually by turning a handle to move a blade with cutting teeth.
Timber saws were already in use during the early 19th century. In England, large circular and band saws were commonly employed to refine and cut sizable pieces of wood to specific lengths and thicknesses. However, axes remained essential tools, as early saws lacked the power to cut through thick tree trunks and were difficult to manage due to their weight and vibration.
In the early 20th century, researchers sought ways to create more powerful and efficient chainsaws. The first electric chainsaw patent, for what was then called the "endless chain saw," was awarded to Samuel J. Bens.
By 1926, Andreas Stihl had patented the first electric chainsaw to enter mass production. This early model was extremely heavy, weighing 116 pounds. It was introduced to Europe by troops in 1941. Up until the end of World War II, chainsaws were large, wheeled, and required two operators. However, with advancements in materials like aluminum alloys and forged steel, chainsaws gradually became more lightweight and maneuverable.
History of Chainsaws: The Role of Wood in Modern Civilization
We might take it for granted today, but before the 1900s, felling trees was dangerous work. Our ancestors spent countless hours wielding axes just to harvest enough wood for a small cabin that would shelter their family through harsh winters without heat and with limited food. It was strenuous, it was time-consuming, and it was dangerous. But for early foresters and loggers, cutting trees by hand was worth it—without access to wood, civilization would fail. Communities that produced the most wood were able to build homes, churches, and meeting houses, thus surviving under harsh weather conditions and overcoming challenges caused by societal isolation.
Think about it: access to wood seems like a small and simple resource to us now, but throughout history wood has been used to created everything from simple hand tools to complex structures—and even game-changing war machines like the trebuchet.
Wood also leads to fire. Many historians consider the discovery and control of fire to be the most pivotal moment in human history. It facilitated cooking, which led to easier digestion of foods like animal products, while also providing warmth, light, protection from predators, and opportunities for social advancement.
So, does wood run the world? Arguably, yes! Which makes the invention and perfection of the modern chainsaw even more important for human civilization and development.
The Timeline of Power-Driven Chainsaws
1905
San Francisco-based logger Samuel L. Bens applies for a patent on his “endless-chain chainsaw”—technology that was originally invented to aid in childbirth (and yes, it was as horrifying as it sounds).
1926
Andreas Stihl patents the first electric chainsaw to enter mass production.
1927
Dolmar, a company that would eventually specialize in portable gasoline chainsaws, develops the first petrol-powered chainsaw.
1939
Loggers in the Pacific Northwest begin using chainsaws, but their heavy weight and high maintenance initially limit widespread adoption.
1960
Chainsaws become lighter and less vibrational, facilitating widespread adoption. Specifically, Stihl introduces anti-vibration handles in 1964.
1980
Development of lightweight composite materials make chainsaws more maneuverable and less exhausting to use.
2009
Introduction of AutoTune™, primarily used by Husqvarna, that automatically adjusts the engine’s air-fuel mixture based on current operating conditions.
2012
Battery-powered models further reduce weight, vibration, and emissions, making chainsaws more accessible and practical for various applications.
2013
Greenworks introduces their first battery-powered chainsaw. This chainsaw—the Greenworks 16-in. Lithium Brushless Chainsaw—wins an innovation award.
History of Chainsaws: Stihl vs. Husqvarna
The arrival of the chainsaw in Europe marked a turning point in forestry and logging technology. At this time, Stihl was quickly making a name for itself as a chainsaw pioneer. Founded in 1926 by Andreas Stihl, the company had already developed the first electric chainsaw and would go on to become a global leader in outdoor power equipment. In 1964 , Stihl revolutionized chainsaw ergonomics with the launch of the first anti-vibration handle, using buffer elements to absorb shocks from both the engine and the blade—greatly reducing operator fatigue.
Not to be outdone, Husqvarna responded with the Husqvarna 180, which refined and enhanced anti-vibration technology. This model became a major success and was instrumental in launching Husqvarna’s expansion into North America.
Since then, both brands have remained at the forefront of innovation. Stihl has continued to lead with technological advancements such as the Ematic™ chain lubrication system, fuel-efficient 2-MIX engines, and quick-stop chain brakes, while Husqvarna has pushed boundaries with features like AutoTune™ for optimal engine performance and X-Torq® engines for reduced emissions and fuel consumption.
The friendly rivalry between these two giants has helped push the industry forward, benefiting professionals and homeowners alike with more powerful, efficient, and user-friendly tools.
Poised for the Future
As the world shifts toward more sustainable and environmentally conscious practices, Greenworks stands ready with an award-winning line of battery-powered chainsaws. Unlike gas-powered models, Greenworks chainsaws produce zero emissions, significantly reduce noise pollution, and require far less maintenance—making them an ideal choice for homeowners, landscapers, and eco-conscious professionals. Powered by advanced lithium-ion battery technology, these chainsaws deliver impressive cutting performance while eliminating the hassles of fuel mixing, exhaust fumes, and engine tuning.
But it’s not just about being green. Chainsaws of the future are destined to become more powerful, more efficient, and more intuitive than our forefathers could have imagined. Greenworks is leading that charge. Boasting features like instant electric start, brushless motors for longer life and better torque, and compatibility across a wide range of Greenworks tools, these chainsaws combine cutting-edge innovation with user-friendly design.
As battery technology continues to evolve, Greenworks is positioned at the forefront of a cleaner, quieter, and more sustainable future for outdoor power equipment.
Shop All Greenworks Chainsaws here!
Trying to decide whether an electric or gas-powered chainsaw is right for you? Read our blog about Electric vs. Gas Chainsaws.
Written by The Green Team, a creative arm within Greenworks Tools.
Our team of writers, designers and content creators bring a breadth of experience and a touch of fun to all things tools. With an assist from the Greenworks product teams and technology experts, we’re here to provide helpful and engaging content to make your yard (and life!) beautiful.
